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Kidney Cancer and the Canadian National Railroad

Railroad workers have a long history of exposure to dangerous chemicals that contribute to growth of occupational illnesses such as lung cancer, kidney cancer and blood disorders. Machinists have, for example been exposed to a variety of toxic chemicals found in degreasers, solvents and lubricants which are used on the equipment and locomotives.

Excessive Exposure to Diesel Exhaust

The Canadian National Railroad and other railways expose workers to industrial toxins like diesel exhaust. In time, exposure to these substances can cause serious health issues such as occupational lung disease and cancer. Contact a toxic exposure lawyer at The Lyon Firm to find out if you're entitled to compensation for your injuries.

A number of studies have demonstrated the connection between exposure to diesel engine exhaust and lung cancer in railroad workers. These studies utilized data from the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System to identify case and controls. Hygienists have coded their lifetime occupational histories and cancer risk factors, and adjusted for age and province body mass index, smoking history and education.

Diesel exhaust is a mix of particles and gases. It is composed of carbon that has sulfates and nitrates at the surface. It also contains PAHs as well as phenols and heterocyclic amines. The IARC classifies DEE as a known carcinogen and the USEPA, OEHHA, and NIOSH consider it to be a possible human carcinogen.

A large cohort study revealed that truckers exposed DEE were at a higher risk than other jobs. But, a second cohort study that did not differentiate between DE and gasoline engine emissions found no such relationship. These results are similar to other population-based study designs, such as case-control and cohort studies.

Asbestos Exposure

A few epidemiological studies have been conducted to study the relationship between asbestos exposure in the home and kidney cancer. The few studies that have reported results on the risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma found an increased risk for male family members of workers exposed occupationally to low-level chrysotile asbestos (the majority of these workers were miners, asbestos product factory workers, shipyard/dock workers, textile workers, furnace/engine/boiler room workers, and railway carriage builders). However, the information on the pleural changes associated with these illnesses in surviving patients is inconsistent and doesn't allow researchers to differentiate between mesothelioma and fibrosis.

A recent hospital-based case-control study in eight canadian national railway myelodysplastic syndrome provinces revealed that self-reported ever-exposure to asbestos was associated with a 20 percent increase in chance of developing renal cell carcinoma compared to never exposed workers. When the highest level of exposure was considered in the models, the increase in risk was 40 percent. The models were adjusted to account for smoking and body mass index. They also included years of pack-years and education. This adjustment did not alter the likelihood of associations between asbestos exposure and renal cell cancer.

Participants in the NECSS were asked to provide details on the various jobs they've held since the age of 18 and their characteristics as related to their job. This included the primary tasks performed, the type of industry, location where the work was part-time or a full-time position and the number of years of experience. The jobs were assigned a 7-digit code which was based on the Canadian Classification and Dictionary of Occupations and Standard Industrial Codes.

Blood Disorders

CN employees such as machinists or pipefitters have been exposed to the aforementioned asbestos, diesel exhaust, welding fumes and other toxic substances. These substances have caused various blood disorders such as mesothelioma lung cancer and kidney diseases. RMC is the most frequent cause of renal disease in railroad workers. RMC is prevalent among young people of African descent who carry the sickle cell trait or Canadian national railway myelodysplastic syndrome other sickle hemoglobinopathies. It is a type of renal cell carcinoma which grows rapidly and has an aggressive nature.

A kidney tumor can cause an increase in the protein known as alkalinephosphatase in the blood. This is a vital test to determine if kidney cancer is present. It is also used to determine if the cancer has spread to other areas of the body. The blood chemistry test can also be used to check the liver function and the blood cells.

Computerized tomography (CT) scans employ x-rays and computers to make three-dimensional (3D) and cross-sectional images of organs and tissues, bones and blood vessels. A CT scan can aid doctors in identifying the presence of a kidney tumor and determine the extent to which it has taken over.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) makes use of powerful magnetic forces and radiofrequency waves to make images of organs, tissues bones and other structures of the body. Computers convert the MRI images to 3D pictures. MRI can help detect kidney cancers, and especially ones that are slow-growing.