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The term "proxy" means a proxy frequently known as proxy server software that acts as an intermediary between a client and server on the internet. Without proxy, a user can send a request for an online server, and the server would serve direct to the requester. While this is a simple method to understand and implement, adding proxies provides advantages such as more performance, privacy and security, and so on. As a layer of pass-through, the proxy functions as a guardian to the internet between users and servers.




It is generally accepted that the system of server hardware and the software to install proxy servers is often known as proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers which are generally described as software but specifically with respect to servers for web. This article will give a synopsis of the two main types of proxies: that is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different use case, and is often misinterpreted due to the overlapping terminology.




This article will give you an idea of how proxies work, what their subtypes are and the ways that they can prove useful in a variety of configurations. If you read this article you'll learn to identify the circumstances in which the use of proxy servers is beneficial, and then determine the most appropriate alternative between forward proxy and reverse proxy for a particular scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also referred to by the name of the open proxy, acts as the representative of the client trying to relay requests via the internet to an source server. In this situation, any attempt to send a request from the user's side will be handled by an forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting in place of the user, will examine the request. It will then determine whether the client is permitted to send requests via this specific forward proxy. It will then either reject an request and send it back to its source server. The client isn't able to connect directly to internet. It can only reach what the forward proxy allows the client to access.




The primary reason for people for using forward proxy services is to gain greater privacy or security when using the internet. Forward proxy allows you to connect to the internet, instead of the client. In this manner, it is using a different IP address than the IP address that was originally used by the client.




Depending on how it's been configured, and how it's configured forward proxy could provide a variety of functions and allow you to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify restrictions based on your geographical place of residence.




Forward proxies are also utilized for security systems that are centralized and access based on permissions, like at a workplace. If all internet traffic is routed through a common forward proxy layer an administrator could limit access for just a small number of internet users that is then filtered through an common firewall. Instead of creating filters for client layers which could be used by multiple computers with different environments and types of users there is a way to have a firewall at the forward proxy layer.




It is important to note that forward proxy servers must be manually configured for use in order to be used, while reverse proxies can remain unnoticed by clients. Based on the fact that your IP address the user is relayed to the server that originated it by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity are granted or denied.




There are a variety of possibilities to think about when it comes to forward proxies.




Apache An open-source, well-known web server that has forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx is another widely-used open-source webserver which comes with forward proxy capabilities.


Squid: A free forward proxy that works with the HTTP protocol. It doesn't come with the entire web server. Check out our instructions on how to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which is more appropriate for use instances like peer-to-peer traffic. You might also want to check out how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions in the capacity of an intermediary for server on the internet, which handles requests from customers for its behalf. The server could be one or more servers. Additionally, it could be an application server, like Gunicorn. In either case the request will be made via the internet in general. The request is typically sent directly to the web server that hosts the resources the client is in need of. A reverse proxy is a intermediary and isolates the web server from direct interactions with the public internet.




From the point of view of the individual client's viewpoint the procedure of using reverse proxy isn't any different than interacting with the server in its own way. It's the exact same thing, however the client is unable to be able to discern the difference. The client requests the resource, and is then supplied with it, without additional configuration required from the user.




Reverse proxies provide features like:




The web server is protected centrally.


The direction of traffic coming in is according to the rules you establish.


A new feature for caching is now available.




While centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxies offer this feature only to the server layer and it is not available to the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls at the server layer which could contain multiple servers with different configurations, the majority of security for firewalls is concentrated in the reverse proxy layer. In addition, removing the burden of interacting with a firewall and connecting to client requests off web servers allows firewalls to concentrate on providing the needs of their customers.




If there are multiple servers hosted within a reverse proxy it is accountable for the way requests are routed at the server that is hosting them. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact same service, but offering various kinds of resources or a combination of the two. The servers could use their HTTP protocol to perform the role of a standard web server, but can also include applications server protocols like FastCGI. It is also possible to set up reverse proxy settings to send users to specific servers depending on the resource requested, or to adhere to certain guidelines for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also gain by their positioning prior to web servers by offering caching capabilities. Large static assets can be configured by caching rules to ensure that web servers are not hit on every request. There are solutions that permit you to serve directly static assets without connecting with the server on any manner. In addition, the reverse proxy is capable of compressing these assets.




The renowned Nginx web server can also function as a reliable reverse proxy solution. Although Apache has a reverse proxy solution however, the Apache web server comes fitted with reverse proxy feature which is an additional feature available to Apache but Nginx was designed originally to and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy features.



The distinction between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases



Since "forward" and "reverse" come with connotations of directionality as well as misleading distinctions between "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic The labels can be confusing because both kinds of proxies deal with requests and responses. The best way to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy is to analyze the specifications of the application you're developing.




Reverse proxy can be useful when you're developing an application that connects web applications to the internet. They serve as your web servers whenever you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy are helpful when you are in front of customers for your personal use or in a professional setting. They are your client's proxy when you interact with the internet.




Distinguishing by use case instead of focusing solely on naming conventions that are commonplace can help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article describes the meaning of a proxy with two kinds: reverse proxy and forward proxy. Practical examples of its use and a review of the advantageous features were used to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're looking to know more about the use of proxy servers, you should read our guide on how you can configure Nginx as reverse proxy with Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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