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What is Multiple Myeloma?

Multiple myeloma affects plasma cells that normally make antibodies to fight off infections. Multiple myeloma is a condition that occurs when these cells multiply and block healthy bone marrow cells. This can result in a variety of problems, including the low blood count (anemia) as well as infection and injuries to kidneys and bones.

Myeloma cannot be cured but treatment can ease symptoms and improve quality of life. These treatments could include stem cell transplants, drug therapies or clinical trials.

cAR T is a novel treatment that involves eliminating T-cells (the vital organs of your immune system) and reprogramming them using a virus disarmed detect and eliminate cancerous cells. It is being studied for use in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Patients with smoldering multiple myeloma or SMM are monitored closely for signs of myeloma, which could suggest they need treatment. People with high-risk factors that increase the chance of transitioning from SMM to active myeloma might be able to receive lower doses chemotherapy and may be offered an experimental study. Some SMM patients could also be eligible for studies that use your immune cells to treat myeloma.

What do I know if Multiple Myeloma Diagnosed?

To determine the cause the doctor will conduct a physical exam and take your family history. Your healthcare professional will conduct urine and blood tests, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, and an abdominal X-ray and chest CT scans to detect changes in your bones.

Myeloma occurs when plasma cells undergo mutation (changed). Plasma cells are the ones that produce antibodies that help fight off infections. The cells of mutated plasma can accumulate in your bones which causes them to shrink and break. They can also block the kidneys and cause a reduction in kidney function. They can cause anemia as they crowd out healthy red blood cell.

The symptoms of multiple myeloma may differ from one person to another. Some people do not show any symptoms at all. Other symptoms include a rash, trouble breathing, high levels of calcium in the csx transportation blood cancer, a low platelet count, and kidney damage. If you suffer from light chain amyloidosis, injuries it builds up in certain organs, including your kidneys and the heart. This can cause them grow larger, making them less efficient. This could result in symptoms like shortness of breathe or swelling in the legs.

What is the cause of Multiple Myeloma?

People who have multiple myeloma usually experience symptoms that affect several body systems. This includes pain in bones, including the back and ribs, low levels of healthy blood cells (anemia) and kidney issues. Many people suffering from multiple myeloma also suffer from a type of plasma cell that produces abnormal antibodies, which can hinder the body's ability to fight off infections.

Doctors aren't aware of what causes multiple myeloma. They believe that a number of factors are involved. These include race as well as sex (more women than men develop multiple myeloma) and age (most cases of multiple myeloma occur in people older than 50) and sexuality (more males than women develop multiple myeloma). People who have a history of an underlying disease, called monoclonal-gammopathy of unknown significance or smoldering multimyeloma have a greater risk of developing symptomatic myeloma. Researchers are working on medicines that can stop MGUS or SMM from advancing to myeloma symptomatic.

Certain medications can help people who have multiple myeloma last longer. Bisphosphonates are among these medications, which reduce the rate of bone breakdown. They are available in pills or injections. Examples include pamidronate (Zometa) and zoledronic acid (Zometa). These drugs can damage the jaw, so it is important to brush and floss your teeth correctly.

What are the Risk Factors for Multiple Myeloma?

While researchers are working to better understand the cause of multiple myeloma, they know some things that increase your chance of being diagnosed with the disease. These are called risk factors. These can be factors such as your race, age and whether or no any history of the disease in your family. It is also possible to be exposed to chemicals that can increase your risk, for instance those found in certain jobs and industries. Genetic mutations can increase your risk. You may also be more vulnerable to myeloma when you have a condition which causes abnormal plasma cell growth.

The most common risk factor is that you are over 65 years old. Multiple myeloma is more frequent in older people or those in middle age. A close relative who has multiple myeloma doubles your chance of acquiring the disease. Another risk aspect is having a single plasma cell tumor, also known as the plasmacytoma. Around 65 to 84 percent of patients suffering from this condition will develop multiple myeloma. This is because solitary plasmacytomas can turn into multiple myeloma.

How can I get help for my multiple myeloma?

Multiple myeloma treatment may include a combination of immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and in more advanced cases bone marrow transplants. Whether or not you have health insurance the treatments could cost thousands of dollars and the more progressed the disease, the higher the costs.

A doctor will determine your eligibility for financial assistance by looking over your medical history and running tests such as urine tests that test for certain proteins (Bence Jones proteins) and the test for detecting abnormal cells in the bone marrow called a bone marrow biopsy. Your doctor will also obtain samples of your blood to check for specific genes that are linked with myeloma.

Many non-profit organizations as well pharmaceutical companies provide aid to those who can't afford their medications. NeedyMeds allows you to find programs based upon diagnosis or medication. Locally, Leukemia and lymphoma society Patient Aid Program can provide up to $100 to offset copays. Family Reach, a national organization, helps with utilities, rent, and home repairs. Netwish is a second resource that provides one-time gift cards to purchase food and other essentials.