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How a contemporary wood burning stoves Burning Stove Works

Wood burning stoves are an excellent addition to any home. They should only be used with wood that has been properly seasoned.

Older stoves that didn't utilize secondary combustion allowed air to get into the chimney and burn both above and below the fuel, causing the loss of energy and polluting.

Modern wood stoves use an advanced combustion technique that splits the air supply into two phases. This results in greater efficiency in heating and lower emissions.

Efficient Combustion

The combustion efficiency of your wood stove is a measurement of how effectively the wood you use is converted into heat. The efficiency of heating transfer is the degree to which heat is transferred from the stove to a room. A wood burning stove with high combustion and heating efficiency will use less fuel and produce less waste, such as carbon monoxide and steam.

Modern wood stoves typically have high combustion efficiencies due to their sophisticated design features that allow them to maximize the burn and make use of less wood. They also tend to emit low levels of emissions, particularly EPA-certified stoves that require a catalytic combustion combustor to clean exhaust gases as they leave the stove. These cleaner stoves make the perfect choice for homeowners looking to reduce their impact on the surroundings, while still enjoying the warmth and the comfort of a wood-burning stove.

Proper operation and maintenance will increase the efficiency of your stove. The most important aspect is controlling the process of combustion. This can be achieved by adding small pieces of wood frequently and ensuring a constant burning stove. This will help prevent the build-up of flammable Creosote in the chimney, which could make the stove less efficient.

A wood stove's efficiency is also affected by the use of properly dried and seasoned firewood that has less than 20 percent. Dry wood that is seasoned and dried will not only provide more heat for the same fuel and will emit less air pollution and generate less smoke.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established guidelines to limit the amount smoke and other harmful substances that a new stove may emit in an hour. The majority of modern wood stoves depend on a secondary combustion, or catalytic combustor, in order to minimize pollution and to meet EPA guidelines. To find an appliance that is compliant with the EPA emission standards, search for one that is adorned with an EPA certification sticker and a smoke emission rate of less than 4 grams per hour.

Catalytic Combustion

Catalytic wood stoves utilize honeycombed combustor made of ceramic coated with noble metals such as palladium or platinum. The combustor operates in similar to what your catalyst in your car to clean the exhaust. The noble metals in the combustor react with the chemicals and particulates in the smoke, breaking them into harmless products such as carbon dioxide and water.

This allows the stove to burn cleaner and lower emissions than non-catalytic models, but without sacrificing efficiency or heat output. The combustor is most efficient when the flue gas temperature is at or above 1,000degF. The combustor won't work properly if the flame is ignited in a low-flame.

The combustor may be damaged by burning foreign substances such as trash, paper logs painted or treated wood. The burning of these materials can result in "masking" that covers the combustor's cells with a substance, preventing it from functioning properly. Masking can be caused by closing the bypass damper too fast or refueling using wet wood. If the combustor cells aren't regularly cleaned of creosote fly-ash and tar build up, plugging could occur, causing smoke to spill out.

The combustor, if properly operated and placed, will provide years of reliable operation. It will require very little maintenance, other than getting rid of the soot on its surface after a prolonged burn and then dusting it with a soft, dry brush.

The combustor has a bypass damper that can be opened to ignite an ignition and closed to reload the stove. Check the bypass damper for the "operate catalyst" indicator which shows when your combustor is operating within its optimal temperature range. Doing this too quickly will reduce the operating range of the combustor. If you close the bypass damper too quickly will decrease the temperature at which the inlet is pumped to the combustor and may damage it. If you're unsure how to operate the bypass damper, check the instruction manual for your stove or contact our customer service department for assistance.

Airflow Controls

The controls for air flow in your wood stove are vital in ensuring that your fire burns properly and safely. The primary, secondary and tertiary systems all work together to ensure that your fire is burning efficiently. Each plays a unique role in the combustion process.

The main air control located below or inside the door of your stove, controls the amount of air allowed into the firebox. More air means a more efficient burning fire but it also increases the chance of chimney smokiness and creosote buildup. Ideally, the primary air control should be opened for a short time when lighting your wood stove.

Once you've reached the desired heat level, you can slowly close the primary air control until the desired heat is reached. The chimney or stove should not emit any smoke as this could indicate inefficient combustion.

Secondary airflow controls are utilized to feed oxygen into your stove's top, usually as air jets placed above your fire. This is the most crucial aspect of managing your fire. Your fire could burn too fast and produce excessive quantities of smoke if it is not controlled.

The secondary airflow, the final stage in your stove's airflow systems is fed to the chimney or updraft. This creates an effective draft inside the flue, allowing your stove to operate at its peak efficiency.

It is crucial to remember that the wood stove you have was designed and optimised for burning firewood only. Any other combustible will not burn properly in your wood stove and could result in high levels emissions, and even chimney fires. Softwood is also acceptable, but seasoned hardwood has to be dried for at least 6 months. Avoid using cardboard and paper because they release toxic fumes or cause ash and creosote to build within your stove. It is also recommended to avoid placing logs or other combustibles over your fire, as they could explode.

Safety

Wood-burning stoves are a great alternative to electricity, particularly when your area is susceptible to frequent power outages. They can be hazardous if utilized incorrectly. They can create harmful chemical substances that could harm your health. They can also cause dangers to fire and can result in carbon monoxide poisoning. You can stay clear of these risks by taking a few simple precautions.

Make sure to use only dry, clean wood for your wood-burning stove. Never use gasoline, kerosene or charcoal starter fluid to start or ignite fires. Never ignite treated or painted wood. Keep the flue open to let plenty of oxygen into. Always add wood in small pieces and make sure that the fire doesn't smolder. If you live in a smoke-control area don't use an indoor fire.

Make sure that your chimney and stove are correctly installed. A poorly constructed wood stove can cause a chimney fire that can release harmful gases into your home. It is also crucial to have the chimney swept and inspected regularly. Make sure that the flue is not leaking, which can cause carbon monoxide poisoning.

It's a good idea to keep your wood in a shed or the tarp. This will allow the wood to dry and get into the season quicker. To minimize the risk of fire, keep the wood from other heat sources. It is also recommended to place your stove on a non-flammable surface like a tiled floor.

It is important to be sure to supervise your children around the stove if you have young children. They might try to touch the flame or play with the ash that is hot, which can be hazardous. You should also keep all flammable objects at least three feet from the stove. Consider installing a heat-shield to protect surfaces and walls from damage. It's also an excellent idea to have your family practice fire drills at home. This will help you escape your home in the event of an emergency. For more information on how to keep your home secure, check out our article on fire escape routes in the event of a house fire.