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It is a proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It's software that acts to act as mediator between server and a client over the internet. Without a proxy, a user would be able to send a request every resource straight to the server and the server would provide the resource directly at the request of the customer. While this approach is straightforward to grasp and implement, the addition of proxies could offer advantages in terms of improved performance and privacy, security and many other benefits. As a pass-through layer, a proxy is an extra layer of security on the internet between clients and servers.

There is a general consensus that the mix of hardware for servers and software for proxy installation is often referred too as proxy servers. This article will be focusing on proxy servers that are typically classified as software as well as within the context of web servers. There will be a discussion of the two principal kinds of proxy servers, which include a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own unique usage scenario that is frequently not understood due to the similar terminology.

This article will provide you with some understanding about what proxies are and what their subtypes are and how they operate in the common configurations. After reading this article, you'll be able determine the situations that you can gain from a proxy and then select the most appropriate forward and reverse proxy in every situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy also known in the form of the open proxy acts as the representative of a user who would like to forward a request over the internet to a source server. In this instance, the whole attempt to send requests by the user will be forwarded by the forward-proxy. This forward proxy, acting as a substitute for the client will scrutinize the request. The first step is to determine whether the client is allowed to accept requests from this particular forward proxy. Then, it decides to deny a request or forward it to its original server. The client isn't capable of having direct access to the internet. It can access only what forward proxy permits for it to be connected to.

One of the most popular uses for forward proxy is to achieve more privacy or protection when surfing the web. Forward proxy can be used to access the internet lieu of a client, and as such it can utilize a different IP address than the client's original IP address.

Based on the way it has been configured, the forward proxy can provide a variety of functions depending upon the way it has been configured and lets you:

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  Avoid tracking ads.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions that are based on the location you are in.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used to secure systems that are centralized and based on permission access such as in a workplace. All internet traffic can pass through the open forward proxy, an administrator could permit only a handful of clients online access via an common firewall. Instead of setting up security firewalls on the server layer which could comprise a range of computers with different settings and users. A firewall could be set up on top of an forward proxy layer.

It is important to remember that forward proxies need to be set up manually to use however reverse proxies will be ignored by users. Depending on the type of IP address of the user is transmitted to the server from which it originated by forward proxy privacy and anonymity might be granted, or if it is left unnoticed.

There are numerous possibilities to explore forward proxy options

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  Apache The Apache is a popular open-source webserver that offers forward-looking proxy services.
  
  
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  Nginx is another popular open-source web server with forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It does not come with an all-inclusive web server application. We have a guide on how to install Squid proxy to connect privately on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. It's also worth taking a look investigate how to set up a Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

The reverse proxy acts as the server, which takes care of requests from clients in its place. The web server may serve as a single server or a number of servers. It can also serve in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios, the request is made by a customer via the internet. Typically, the request is directly sent to the web server, which contains the resources the user is requesting. In contrast, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, separating it from direct contact with the internet's open.

From the viewpoint of the client, interacting using reverse proxy isn't different from connecting to your webserver directly. It's functionally identical and the user is unable to tell the distinction. The client sends a request for a resource, which is followed by receiving it, without any extra configuration required from the user.

Reverse proxies provide features like:

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  Security centralized for web servers.
  
  
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  Directing traffic according to the rules you decide to decide to define.
  
  
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  Additional functionality to cache data.
  
  

While centralized security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers. However, reverse proxies offer this benefit only to the web server layer, but not to the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls in the web server layer that can include multiple servers with different configurations, most of the firewall security can be centered at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore eliminating the burden of interacting with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients away from web servers allows them to focus on serving the resources.

If there are multiple servers running in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also determines the way requests are routed to the server. There could be multiple web servers providing the exact same service, each providing various kinds of resources or a mix of the two. They may use the HTTP protocol for a traditional web server, but they may additionally include protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy servers to direct users to specific servers based on the resource requested or to follow certain rules regarding traffic volume.

Reverse proxies also profit from their placement over web servers, by providing caching functionality. The large static files can be set up using caching rules to prevent from hitting web servers with every request, with certain options allowing users to provide static files directly without connecting to the web server once. In addition, the reverse proxy is able to handle the compression of these assets.

The popular Nginx website server a very well-known reverse proxy solution. Although Apache has a reverse proxy service but the Apache web server has reverse proxy functions as an option that can be added to Apache and Nginx was originally designed for and was designed with a focus on reverse proxy capabilities.

Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use

Because "forward" along with "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and false connections to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic These labels are prone to confusion because both types of proxies handle responses and requests. Better yet, the best method to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to examine the specifications of the application you're working on.

Reverse proxy is an important element when you're designing a solution to host websites on the internet. They are your web servers during any interaction via the internet.

A forward proxy is useful when it is used before customers for your personal use, or in a work environment. They act as your client's proxy via any communication with the internet.

Utilizing use cases to differentiate as opposed to focusing only on common names will help avoid confusion.

Conclusion

The article clarified the definition of a proxy, with two types of proxy, the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for using them as well as a discussion of most beneficial features were used to differentiate forward proxies from reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the advantages of proxies, you can check out our tutorial on how to install Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server with Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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