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It is proxy is proxy is also referred to proxy server, which is a software that acts in the middle between a client and server on internet. Without proxy, a user would make a request the resource directly to the server and it would then serve the requested resource directly to the user. While this approach is straightforward to understand and implement but using proxies provides advantages such as more performance as well as privacy, security and more. As an additional layer for passing through, a proxy serves as a gatekeeper for the internet, separating clients and servers.

There is a general consensus this: the mix of hardware for servers and installed proxy software is frequently referred too as proxy servers. In this article, we will concentrate on proxies that are typically described as software as well as those that are employed in conjunction with web servers. This article will give the full description of two kinds of proxies such as one that is a forward proxy and one called a reverse proxy. Each is unique in its use, often confused because of the similar namesake convention.

This article will provide you with some knowledge about what proxies are and what their subtypes, and the ways in which they can be beneficial for the most common setups. Through this article you'll be able discern the scenarios that a proxy could be beneficial, and decide on the most appropriate reverse or forward proxy in any given situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy sometimes known in the form of open proxy. An open proxy is a representative of a client who is trying to send a request through the internet to an source server. In this situation it is the case that all requests from the client are directed to this forward proxy. In this case the forward proxy, in place of the client will scrutinize the request. It will first decides if the client is allowed to forward requests through this specific forward proxy. It then decides whether to refuse the request or transfer it over to the source server. It's not able directly connect via the Internet. It only has access to what forward proxy permits it to access.

A common reason for using forward proxy is to achieve greater privacy or security online. Forward proxy utilizes the internet as a personal client. In this manner, it may make use of a different IP address comparison to the original IP address that is used by the client.

Depending on how it's been established in the past, forward proxy servers can offer a wide range of options, allowing you to:

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  Beware of ads that track you.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Find restrictions based on your place of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used in systems that offer central security and permit-based access, like in a workplace. If all internet traffic passes by an open forward proxy, an administrator is able to permit only a small number of clients connection to internet which is filtered by a firewall that is common to all. Instead of maintaining firewalls at the level of client that may include multiple machines that are different in terms of user and environment the firewall can be placed at the layer that redirects traffic from proxy servers.

Remember that forward proxies have to be manually setup to be used, while reverse proxies are often ignored by clients. Based on the fact that an IP address is sent to the origin server via the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be made more transparent.

There are a myriad of options to be considered in the case of forward proxies:

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  Apache A well-known, open-source web server that offers forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Squid is an open-source forward proxy which makes use of it's HTTP protocol. This option doesn't include the entire web server service. Take a look at our article on the most efficient method of setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy that makes use of the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it better suited for scenarios like peer-to -peer traffic. It's also a good idea to learn how to configure a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy acts as a representative of a server on the internet that handles incoming requests by customers on its behalf. The web server could represent a single or several servers. Furthermore, it could represent an application server, such as Gunicorn. For any one of these cases, a request could come in via the internet at large. The majority of the time the request is sent directly to the web server with the resources that the user is looking for. Reverse proxy, however, serves as an intermediary and isolates your website server from any interaction with the open internet.

From a client's perspective from a client's perspective using a reverse proxy isn't any different than communicating with your webserver directly. It's the same thing, and the client is unable to discern the difference. The client requests a resource and then receives it, with no additional configuration needed for the end-user.

Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide options, such as:

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  Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.
  
  
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  The sending of traffic according to the rules you can establish.
  
  
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  Additional functionality for caching.
  
  

Although central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy solutions, reverse proxies give this benefit only to the server layer, not to the client layer. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the web server layer which can contain several servers that have different configurations, the bulk of firewall security resides on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation of working with firewalls as well as connecting with requests from clients that are not connected to web servers allows firewalls to focus on the needs of their customers.

If there are several servers in a reverse proxy,, the reverse proxy also takes care of the way requests are handled to the server. There could be multiple web servers running within the same system, serving different kinds of resources or a combination of both. These servers can use the HTTP protocol as a conventional web server. They may also include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy that directs customers to specific servers based on the kind of resource they're seeking, or to comply with certain rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies also can profit by their position prior to web servers, by providing the capability of caching. Large static assets are able to be configured using caching rules to prevent the web server from being hit on every request, with certain solutions offering the possibility to directly serve static resources without connecting to the web server for even one time. Furthermore reverse proxy can be able to handle compression of these assets.

The popular Nginx web server is known as a reverse proxy feature. Although it, Apache web server, it is equipped with a reverse proxy function, it's a separate feature available only for Apache however Nginx was initially designed for and specifically designed for the reverse proxy function.

Distinguishing Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use

Due to the fact that "forward" or "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and false distinctions between "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both kinds of proxies are able to manage requests and responses. A better approach to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to study the requirements of the app you're creating.

A reverse proxy could be helpful in the development of a solution to provide web-based applications on the internet. They serve as your servers whenever you connect to the internet.

Forward proxy is beneficial when they are used in front of the client for personal use or in the workplace. They are a representation of your traffic when you are on the internet.

A distinction based on usage case instead of focusing solely at similar names can help you avoid confusion.

Conclusion

This article provides the definition of a proxy that includes two types: the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical application scenarios and an exploration of advantageous features were used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested in learning more about the possibilities of proxies, then take a look at our tutorial on how you can set up Nginx as a reverse and webserver proxy using Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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