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Interstitial Lung Disease

Rail employees are frequently in close proximity with locomotives and track equipment. In conditions that are not well ventilated, they are often exposed to diesel exhaust and other toxic substances. These exposures can cause a variety of occupational cancers, lung problems and blood problems.

Interstitial lung disease is a of these conditions. It is caused by autoimmune diseases like polymyositis or rheumatoidarthritis, and scleroderma or exposures to environmental factors such as bird fanciers' lungs or farmer's lungs.

What is Interstitial Lung Disease?

Interstitial lung disease is the term used for more than 200 lung disorders that cause scarring (fibrosis) in the tissue between the air sacs of the lungs. Smoking and exposure to environmental or occupational pollutants are the most common causes that trigger the condition. Certain forms, like Idiopathic lung fibrosis, are more gradual and can last for kansas city southern railway myelodysplastic syndrome months or even years. Symptoms include shortness-of-breath and coughing that is dry and dry.

The majority of ILD are progressive, which means that the damage to your lungs get worse over time. The result can be life-threatening, such as lung infections or respiratory issues (not enough oxygen in the blood). ILD symptoms can be mild or severe.

To determine if you have ILD, your doctor will inquire about your health history and your family history. The doctor will then perform an examination and order blood tests. These can check for infections or diseases that could cause the ILD like hepatitis C virus, tuberculosis or connective tissue disease. The doctor can also request a CT scan of your lungs, or a brochoscopy, an examination of the airways that are the primary ones in your lungs, using a flexible tube called the Bronchoscope.

There are a myriad of different kinds of ILD that a precise diagnosis is crucial. Our multidisciplinary team at UChicago Medicine includes experts in ILD diagnosis and management. We are one of the few medical centres with programs solely focused on diagnosing and managing ILD. Our doctors meet regularly to discuss the cases of their patients and share their best practices.

How do you determine Interstitial Lung Disease diagnosed?

The first indication of interstitial lung disease is usually a shortness in breath, particularly when you're active. You may also suffer from a dry cough that is not accompanied by any mucus. The symptoms of different kinds of ILD vary, but almost all of them are caused by damage to the tissues that help oxygen get into and out of your blood and kansas city southern railway myelodysplastic syndrome into your other cells. This can make you feel tired and lead to additional problems like pneumonia or respiratory failure (not enough oxygen).

Your doctor will likely want to conduct tests to determine the root of your symptoms. This could include chest X rays and a CT of your lung. A high-resolution CT scanner provides more detailed images of your lungs. This includes the areas between the lobes. The doctor might also perform an examination known as "bronchoalveolar slurring" to eliminate cells from the lower respiratory tract in order to detect inflammation and rule certain causes out.

There are over 200 different types of interstitial lung diseases. They can be caused by breathing in hazardous dust or fumes (like asbestos, silica, coal or talc) as well as from certain kinds of medications, like corticosteroids and Cyclophosphamide. Sometimes, they are triggered by autoimmune disorders, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma. Some are caused by viruses or inherited genes.

What are the signs and Symptoms of Interstitial Lung Disease?

Symptoms vary depending on the type of interstitial lung disease you have. Some are mild while others are severe. Your doctor may recommend X-rays and high-resolution CT scans, as well as blood tests to discover what's causing your symptoms. They may also recommend a procedure called bronchoscopy to look more closely at your airways. They can insert a thin flexible tube (bronchoscope), into your mouth or nose to inspect your lungs. Your doctor might also want to perform a biopsy which involves removing an amount of tissue from your lungs and study it under an microscope.

The majority of ILDs occur due to an underlying condition such as connective tissue diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, or exposure to things that can harm the lungs, such as asbestos, silica, or tobacco smoke. Other causes include infections such as pulmonary tuberculosis or pneumonia; treatments or medications you are taking, like hepatitis C or chemotherapies, and exposure to substances that could cause an allergic reaction such as dust and bird feathers, mold, and droppings, or environmental toxic substances.

Over time, scarring of the lung can make it difficult to pump oxygen into the blood. In some instances, the damage is irreparable. This is especially true for ILDs caused by sarcoidosis or Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In these cases, doctors don't know what makes the scar tissue develop.

What are the treatment options available for interstitial lung disease?

Treatment is based on the type of interstitial lung condition you have. You may require the services of a specialist, like an respiratory doctor or an infectious diseases doctor, who can make the diagnosis. This typically includes a medical history along with a chest examination breathing test, and imaging tests such X-rays and high-resolution CT scans. There are also blood tests, or a procedure known as bronchoscopy in which your doctor inserts a thin tube into the lungs' airways.

All types of interstitial lung disease affect the tissue and air sacs around the lungs tiny air sacs (alveoli). This area is usually very thin and does not show up on X-rays. The scarring that causes ILD can cause the area to stiffer and thicker making it more difficult for your lungs' function. The condition can cause the accumulation of fluid inside the lungs, which may hinder their ability to function.

Other treatments and medications can help you manage your symptoms and slow the progress of the disease. Your healthcare provider could prescribe pulmonary rehabilitation, medications to treat infections, and Kansas city southern Railway myelodysplastic syndrome reduce inflammation. They may also prescribe anti-fibrotic drugs like corticosteroids, or medications that weaken the immune system, like azathioprine (Imuran) or n-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst). Other options for treating ILD are being explored in clinical studies. If you have a severe or rapidly advancing type of the disease, a lung transplant might be an option for you.