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Precautions For High Voltage Installation

High voltage home electrical installation power lines are often mounted on utility poles however, they can be submerged as well. Regardless of where you work it is crucial to know the right precautions when working with high voltage electricity.

A shock from an electric source is the most dangerous. This could cause serious injuries or even death.

Insulation

Insulation is an essential component of high voltage installation and should be maintained at the proper levels to protect against failure but also prevent electric shocks. It acts as a shield between the electrodes of the device and other components of the circuit, making it impossible for anyone to get them directly, which can lead to injury or death.

Insulators are made from many different materials. Rubber was the most well-known material due to its easy to manufacture and could endure the most extreme conditions. But, now, plastics have replaced it as the material of choice for the majority of high-voltage applications.

Some plastics are more durable than others, and it is important to be aware of the characteristics of each insulation material when deciding on which is the most suitable for your needs. You need to be aware of the ways in which each material will resist, how tough it can be as well as how flexible it can be, and how it handles the effects of abrasion, moisture, and other elements.

These properties include chemical and thermal. These properties can aid in choosing the appropriate material for your application.

It is essential to ensure that Insulators are resistant to heat and pressure when used in high-voltage environments. Choose the material that is able to withstand temperatures up to 1000 degrees and also humidity.

You should also search for insulators that are resistant to fire and other dangers. This could be materials that are waterproof as well as resistant to chemicals and oil, or even a material that is resistant to sunlight and ozone.

It is also essential to choose insulations that are made to withstand the rigors of tension involved with power transmission. These can be suspension insulators and shackle insulators as well as strain insulators.

These insulators are employed to prevent dead edges or sharp corners on power lines where a high tension load is expected. Depending on the line's voltage, these insulators could be made up of several glass or porcelain discs, which are joined in series by metal links.

Sharp Points

Using a conductor with sharp edges or points increases the risk of dielectric breakdown in the event of an extreme voltage spike. Many manufacturers have realized this and made it a rule to utilize heat-shrink tubing with the right dielectric strength. A well-designed system can take steps to reduce the dangers of a poorly cut insulation, which is a common issue for high-voltage installers.

A good guideline to ensure a secure, efficient installation is to employ an experienced contractor. The best contractors have a well-constructed safety program in place and are versed in avoiding the hazards associated with high voltages. The most difficult part of this process is ensuring that each person on the team knows his or her job and meter is well-versed of the terminology used by high voltage companies.

Dust

It is essential to keep dust from getting into high voltage installations. This will ensure safety and protect personnel. Dust-proof structures are a good choice. It is also recommended that a protective cover should be placed on the insulation.

Metal dust and insulating fibres are often combined in high voltage equipment. This is due to their similar characteristics in discharge and movement, and a small amount of dust can dramatically reduce the breakdown voltage of an air gap.

However, the effect of these two impurities on the breakdown behavior of an air gap remains a mystery. To better understand the discharge behavior of these materials, a series experiments were conducted to study their discharge behavior and motion independently and in conjunction.

Figure 10 shows that the voltage used to lift for metal dust fluctuates in proportion to the size of the particles however, the motion law remains the same. The particles are mostly moved towards the upper electrode when the voltage is less than 7 kV. They bounce violently between the electrodes when it reaches 14 kV.

A series of tests with the help of a high-speed camera were conducted to observe the movement and discharge of these materials in greater detail. The results showed that metal dust and insulating fibres could be divided into three different states: close-and-contact sate (or distant sate), distant sate (or jump sate).

When the dust of metal was in close and meter contact sate, it moved towards the upper electrode , and its movement area created a certain columnar dust area between the electrodes. This area had a low concentration of dust.

The insulating fibres on contrary, did not move when the voltage was low but they began to rise with the increase of voltage. The jumps between electrodes were quite interesting.

During the test, the voltage increased from -7 kV to 16 kV. The metal dust and insulating fibers started to move with a ferocious speed. As the insulating fibres ascended up, they bounced violently between the electrodes. They also made a sudden change of their movement. The same time an enormous amount of dust particles were ejected from the discharge zone which caused an explosion.

Voltage Breakdown

Breakdown occurs when an insulator undergoes an abrupt change in its domestic electrical installation properties. This happens when the electric field strength local to the material exceeds the dielectric strength of the material. This could happen in air or any other insulator . It could result in burns, shock or fire.

Based on the material and shape of the object different voltages can cause breakage. It is therefore essential to test the materials that are used to construct high voltage installations.

For instance, the drain to source current determines the breakdown voltage for a semiconductor device like a MOSFET. The value can be determined employing a technique called gate-current extraction.

Another method of determining the voltage of breakdown is to place a small amount of material between two electrodes and then apply an electric current of high. The voltage then increases until the material is broken down.

The material of an insulator and the distance between electrodes as well as the strength of the electric field that is present at the contact determine the breakdown voltage. This is a key aspect in determining the amount of voltage can be safely applied to an insulator.

This is why dielectric breakdown testing is vital, since it allows engineers to determine what is the highest possible voltage for their designs. It can also be used to monitor any changes in the ability of the insulation to stand up to the voltage.

Certain conductors like aluminum and copper are more susceptible to break than other. For instance, copper can have a breakdown voltage of up to 3 kV/mm exposed to dry air at normal atmospheric pressure. This is why aluminum cable is rated for a much lower voltage than copper.

Other insulators, including silicon, can have breakdown voltages that can reach 3.5 millivolts per millimeter when exposed to dry atmospheric air at standard pressure. This is due to the fact that silicon conducts at lower temperatures than aluminum.

In liquids, the breakdown of the substance can be caused by bubbles, or tiny impurities. They can cause an electrical installation tester field with a non-linear strength in the gap between electrodes, which could increase the breakdown potential.

It is generally a good idea to insulate the conductive areas of a device with dielectric materials, such as glass or meter plastic. This can help safeguard against the possibility of breaking and the resulting dangers that come with it.