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Cancer Bladder Cancer

Cancer bladder cancer is a condition that occurs when cells in your bladder lining expand beyond control. It can be non-invasive or invasive.

The most common type of hematuria is seen in men and those over 55. The most common sign is the visible blood in your urine (hematuria). Other symptoms include pain, or an insufficient flow of urine.

Symptoms

The first indication of bladder cancer is the presence of blood in your urine (hematuria). It may not show up in a test lab, but it's evident to the naked eye. You may also notice your bladder is not full and you are prompted to urinate more frequently. Your urine may change color, changing to pink, orange, or even dark red. The urine you drink can fluctuate, or it may be present throughout the day.

Bladder cancer settlement where does cancer of the bladder spread to is usually triggered by abnormal cells that grow and multiply uncontrollably inside the lining of your bladder. The most frequent form is called a transitional cell carcinoma, which develops in the tissues that line the bladder's wall. Other types of bladder cancer include squamous cell cancer, which starts in the cells which line your urethra and may spread to other areas of your body. Then there's the adenocarcinoma that begins in the mucus-producing cells within your bladder.

There are many factors that can trigger these symptoms, so you should consult your physician immediately if you are suffering from these symptoms. Your doctor will ask about your health and family history, and conduct a physical examination. They might order a urine test, a cystoscopy as well as a CT scan or MRI of your bladder. If they suspect that you have bladder carcinoma, they may collect a sample of your bladder to take a biopsy.

Diagnosis

Doctors utilize a variety of tests and procedures to detect bladder cancer. These include a physical exam as well as urine lab tests to check for blood or other substances (urinalysis), and tests that use cameras to examine the inside of your bladder as well as the your urethra (cystoscopy).

Most bladder cancers begin in the cells of the inner layer of the lining, known as the epithelium transitional. When these cancers are small they might not be visible to a doctor during an examination called a cystoscopy. These cancers are often described as non-muscle-invasive or carcinoma in situ.

The cancerous cells that start bladder cancer in the muscle cells are more severe. The cancers develop into the underlying layers of the bladder wall. Cells can also develop in the tubes that carry urine from the bladder (the Ureteters). This is known as muscle cancer or invasive.

The stage of your cancer reveals how the cancer has spread and helps your doctor plan treatment. Staging is determined by the results of the diagnostic tests and your symptoms.

Doctors will perform regular follow-up exams following the surgery to monitor your health and to check for an increase in cancer. These tests could include a test to measure the amount of urine that your kidneys produce (renal ultrasound). They may also perform the PET scan, which makes use of a special camera to take three-dimensional photographs of several organs at the same time, including the bladder. This test can identify small tumors that may be missed in a CT or MRI scan.

Treatment

Your doctor will test your urine for cancer cells (urine cytology). They will also draw blood to assess the health of your liver and kidneys. Then they will do a CT scan of your pelvis and abdomen. This will generate three-dimensional photos of your body. It can also detect any tumors in your Bladder cancer injuries. They can also conduct an ultrasound of your bladder.

The kind of bladder cancer you are suffering from and the extent of its spread will determine the best treatment options for you. If the cancer is located in the bladder's lining (Ta) or has affected the muscle layer that lies below it (T1) Your doctor will treat your symptoms with chemotherapy drugs taken either by mouth or via an intravenous tube that is inserted into your Bladder cancer railroad settlements (intravesical). Your doctor will recommend the right drug for you. The most popular drugs include mitomycin C, gemcitabine (available as a generic drug), docetaxel(Taxotere), valrubicin(Valstar), and Cancer bladder cancer docetaxel.

If the cancer has expanded beyond the lining of your bladder and into the muscle wall of your bladder, or into lymph nodes close to the bladder, it's stage T2 or higher. It is also referred to as invasive bladder cancer. Your doctor could prescribe chemotherapy drugs either without or with radiation therapy. You may also be given a radiosensitiser, which can help the cancer to respond better.

Prevention

The bladder, also referred to as the urinary bladder, is a huge organ in the lower abdomen. It stores urine from the kidneys until the body passes it out. The urine you drink contains toxins the kidneys remove from the blood, and if too many of these chemicals build up in the bladder -- particularly for a long period -they can lead to cancer. Bladder cancer occurs when cells in the bladder develop changes (mutations) in their DNA that cause them to grow rapidly and not stop when they should, creating a tumor that can grow into other tissues of the body.

The risk of bladder cancer increases with age, and males are more likely to develop the disease than women. The presence of a family history of the disease increases your risk. A person's risk could increase if he or she has received treatment with cyclophosphamide which is an anti-cancer drug.

You can also increase the risk of bladder cancer by exposing yourself to certain industrial chemicals. Arsenic is a natural component in drinking water and in chemical compounds used in industries such as the production of paint, rubber, leather and textiles. People who work in industries that regularly expose them to toxic fumes and chemical, like firefighters, machinists and truck drivers, are at a greater risk.