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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety affects 40 million adults in the United States. There are a variety of medications available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs) which include citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications can also help with depression, and can help relieve the symptoms of anxiety disorders, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It could take up to a month for them to begin working.

These drugs work by boosting the production of certain chemical messengers in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. They are usually the first option for anxiety, however doctors also use other types of antidepressants as well as benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used to treat anxiety. They are a bit different from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine but at a lower rate than SSRIs. These medications take a lengthy time to be effective and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) such as imipramine (Tofranil) can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, including GAD. However their drowsiness and other side effects are what is the best anxiety treatment make them less popular. Another form of antidepressant is monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) can be used to combat anxiety. However, their dietary restrictions and high risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines can be used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause addiction to tolerance, sedation, and dependence as well as withdrawal symptoms such as a depression, anxiety, and delirium. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam, clonazepam, as well as lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of the treatment for anxiety, as it helps you discover more about the symptoms and the causes. Many people find that therapy and medication both help them cope. In fact, some studies suggest that cognitive behavior therapy is just as effective as medication for anxiety. Consult your physician to determine what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax tense muscle. They also relieve symptoms of fear-related bodily stimulation (like heart rate, trembling or trembling) and help promote sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, such as GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the number of messages sent to the amygdala, a region of the brain that assesses threats and produces the feeling of fear.

These drugs can be used for short durations of time, such as when panic attacks occur or if you are experiencing extreme anxiety. They may ease symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes of taking them. In contrast to SSRIs, benzodiazepines don't remain in the body for long. They are fast-acting and often perform in just a few hours, making them ideal for situations when quick relief is needed (like on a plane flight or prior to giving a public presentation).

They are addictive, and people are usually prescribed them for up to 4 weeks at a time. After that they lose their effectiveness.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines are so well-known is that they are safe and have fewer side effects compared to their predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They are fast in the time to begin their action and are very useful as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives and anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos have been blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s. This included the denial of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment causes physical dependence. However they still play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically in conjunction with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause unwanted side-effects, such as drowsiness or confusion. You should tell your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medicines you are currently taking or are planning to take. You can find out which medications are safe to take with benzodiazepines by checking the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety in bipolar disorder anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved several antidepressants to treat other health conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain types of pain, and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are often prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety by doctors, but they might not work for all people. If these antidepressants don't work doctors may suggest an older form of medication known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're not as popular as the latest antidepressants, but still available. You can also ask your physician to prescribe the sedating antidepressant trazodone(Desyrel) at lower doses if you are experiencing anxiety or sleep problems.

Other antidepressants that could help include the nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They are also available in generic forms. If they aren't helping your doctor, you can try the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine or the sedating antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat anxiety disorders. They lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These drugs aren't commonly used to treat anxiety by themselves, but can be helpful when used in conjunction with psychological therapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behavior patterns that cause anxiety. It can help you to control your anxiety, and develop coping strategies. Depending on the severity of your problem exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy teaches you to confront negative and fearful thoughts and overcome your fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until are able to handle them. This can be done individually or in a small group. In both instances, it takes time to achieve results. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best choice for some individuals. However, others find that medication alone is sufficient to control their symptoms. Inform your doctor about how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

While antidepressants and benzodiazepines are the most commonly prescribed treatments for anxiety, other drugs can ease your symptoms as well. Antihistamines and beta blockers are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These drugs can help you alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that trigger anxiety and stress. However, they'ren't an all-in-one solution. You'll require a variety of methods to manage anxiety, like exercises, relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

Your doctor may first prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. They are the most effective drugs for treating anxiety disorders according to research studies. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as Citropram, fluoxetine, and escitalopram. These medications may cause minor side effects, such as insomnia and nausea, but these usually subside in 4-8 weeks. They aren't addictive and they don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam, diazepoxide and clonazepam (Valium), provide immediate relief from panic and anxiety attacks. However, they can cause side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. They can also trigger problems with coordination and memory, and may even cause dependence. These drugs are less popular than older barbiturates but are equally effective.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially created to treat allergies. However, they are also used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine can have a calming affect by blocking histamine receptors. It's not a controlled drug, so it doesn't have the same risks of addiction like benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety is a class called anticonvulsants, which have been shown to relieve anxiety by affecting the production and release of serotonin and dopamine. These medications are often prescribed as part of a combination therapy or used to treat anxiety in the short-term. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are appropriate for you. They will also discuss the duration of time you should take these medicines and any potential negative side effects that might occur. Anxiety medication is only available through prescription, so you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.