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Mesothelioma may cause symptoms such as chest pain, coughing, and shortness of breath. These symptoms are caused by the accumulation of fluid within the pleura.

Mesothelioma is diagnosed by imaging tests and biopsy. Doctors may recommend a combination of treatments to treat the cancer and ease symptoms. This includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiation.

Symptoms

The symptoms of mesothelioma can vary based on the stage and type of the disease. Pleural mesothelioma can cause chest pain, difficulty breathing and fluid accumulation in the lung. Peritoneal symptoms of mesothelioma can include abdominal discomfort, bloating, and weight loss. The patients may also suffer from emotional and mental health problems as a result of their mesothelioma diagnosis.

Mesothelioma patients typically first consult their primary care doctor. They will discuss their past asbestos exposure with the doctor, and may undergo some medical tests, including blood tests or imaging scans, like X-rays or CT scans.

Because mesothelioma symptoms are similar to symptoms of other illnesses, victims often fall victim to misdiagnosis. Pleural mesothelioma patients, for example, experience symptoms such as a shortness of breath and coughing that are similar to those that are associated with respiratory illnesses like pneumonia and other. Patients with mesothelioma have also complained of fatigue, fever and chills.

In later stages of pleural mesothelioma, doctors discover that the tumor causes a buildup of fluid in the pleura. This makes it difficult to breathe because the lungs are restricted from expanding. The pleural effusion is eliminated by a minimally invasive procedure called pleurodesis. This eases symptoms and allows the patient to breathe.

Patients suffering from peritoneal msothelioma are at a higher-risk of developing diaphragm holes. This is the muscle that separates the abdomen and chest. This can cause many pains and discomfort for patients which is the reason why many complain of abdominal discomfort, weight loss, bloating and nausea.

In rare instances mesothelioma may affect other parts of the body like the heart's lining (pericardial mesothelioma) or the testicles (testicular mesothelioma). These mesothelioma types don't have as many specific symptoms as the pleural and peritoneal varieties. Thus, patients are more likely to have other diseases that require them to seek medical attention first. This includes infections, cancers and other asbestos-related diseases like lung cancer. In these instances, patients should continue to see their physicians because the cancer is caused by asbestos and a mesothelioma diagnosis could help connect them to resources.

Diagnosis

Combining imaging tests and a biopsy helps doctors diagnose mesothelioma. Malignant mesothelioma is a cancer that starts in the chest lining or abdominal cavity and can spread to other parts of the body. It is caused by exposure to asbestos, a grouping of microscopic fibers that was once employed in construction and is now banned in several countries. It takes about 20 years from exposure for symptoms to manifest. The majority of mesothelioma cases are diagnosed between the ages of 50 and 70.

The primary test used to determine mesothelioma is to take taking a biopsy. This involves taking a small portion of tissue from the suspected location and then examining it under the microscope of a microscopical. A pathologist is a specialist doctor who can identify the type of mesothelioma by determining if cells are cancerous. There are three standard types: epithelioid, sarcomatoid and mixed or biphasic mesothelioma. The first two are less dangerous, but they can still be difficult to treat.

If your doctor suspects that mesothelioma is a possibility, they will refer you to an expert hospital for further testing. This could include an X-ray chest scan and CT scan, or an MRI scan. These scans are done using radiowaves and magnets to produce detailed images of the inside of your body, including soft tissues like the lungs or abdominal. They can also show whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

Mesothelioma is rare, so your doctor may look for any other conditions that may cause your symptoms. They can also conduct tests on your blood to determine mesothelioma-related markers. This isn't a conclusive diagnosis, but could be useful in certain cases.

Your doctor will utilize the results of the tests to determine the stage at which mesothelioma cancer is progressing. This will aid your doctor plan your treatment. A higher number of stages means that the cancer has spread more widely, and you may have less time to live. Different treatments are more effective at different stages of mesothelioma.

Treatment

Mesothelioma develops in the mesothelium, which lines the inside of the body's cavities. Three out of four cases start in the chest cavity. Some begin in the abdomen or in the area around the heart. Mesothelioma cells can spread to other parts of the body and cause symptoms in those areas too.

There are several different treatment options for people with mesothelioma based on the mesothelioma type and how far the cancer has spread. In certain cases surgery can treat mesothelioma, if it is detected at an early stage and before the cancer has spread much.

Surgeons can remove tumors from the lungs and abdominal cavity, and also reduce complications that may arise from mesothelioma extending to other parts of the body. Patients with mesothelioma may also benefit from chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

The kind of treatment the patient receives is determined by the type of mesothelioma they suffer from, their general health, and their objectives for survival. Some people will do anything to improve their condition and others opt for treatments which help manage symptoms and prolong their lives.

Palliative treatments are often utilized to improve comfort and quality-of-life when mesothelioma has entered its last stages. These may include procedures to remove fluid build-up from the lungs or abdomen. For example, a tube can be placed in the lungs to eliminate excess fluid at home (pleurodesis or paracentesis). Medication can be used to relieve the symptoms and discomfort of mesothelioma.

Clinical trials can be used to treat mesothelioma that is persistent or recurs after surgery or other treatments. Patients must discuss with their physician their follow-up plan in order to determine a plan that fits their requirements.

It is essential for those suffering from mesothelioma to find a team of specialists they can trust. A good doctor must have extensive experience in treating asbestos-related illnesses, and be certified by American Board of Medical Specialties. People with mesothelioma should look for doctors who specialize in lung diseases (pulmonologists) or abdominal problems (gastroenterologists). Patients with mesothelioma should have a support network to help them deal with.

Prognosis

Numerous factors can impact the prognosis of someone who has mesothelioma. These include the mesothelioma type and stage and the age at diagnosis as well as other health conditions, what are the early signs of mesothelioma as well as the patient's preferences for treatment. The cancer staging system helps doctors determine the patient's treatment options and mesothelioma life expectancy.

The mesothelioma staging determines the extent of cancer cells' spread throughout the body. X-rays or CT scans are a way to determine the stage of mesothelioma. A needle biopsy is also an alternative. A needle biopsy is the most commonly used procedure to diagnose pleural mesothelioma. It involves inserting a tube into the chest, then removing tissues or fluid and submitting samples to the lab to study under microscope. The stage of mesothelioma also examines whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

It is normal for mesothelioma tumors to grow before it is detected. Most mesotheliomas are already in an advanced stage by the time they are diagnosed. The cancer may infiltrate and cause damage to other organs, like the heart. Mesothelioma can also cause the accumulation of fluid inside the lungs, which can cause difficulty breathing.

When a mesothelioma diagnosis has been confirmed, doctors can determine if the cancer is resectable or not. Resectable tumors are those that the doctor can remove completely. Mesothelioma that has grown beyond the original site is considered non-resectable and will have a less favorable prognosis.

Other factors that impact mesothelioma prognosis include the type of cells that form the tumor, the site of the tumor and how the tumor has grown. For instance, patients with epithelioid cells generally have a better prognosis than those with sarcomatoid cell. The prognosis of a patient may be affected by the grade of a tumor that is determined by the ratio of epithelioid cells to sarcomatoid cells.

People who receive treatment promptly can improve their prognosis for mesothelioma. If mesothelioma is spreading to the lungs for example, chemotherapy can help control symptoms. The chemo may also kill the cancer cells that have spread to other areas of the body. Some people with mesothelioma are in remission, and have remained without any indications of the illness. However, mesothelioma nearly always returns.