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Why Are Rates of Colon Cancer Increasing Among People Under 50?

The body's cells are constantly expanding, dividing, and dying. When the cells lining our colon and rectum continue to divide when they shouldn't, this could lead to cancer.

The overall rate of colon cancer diagnosis has dropped since the mid 2000s, but it has risen by as much as 2percent per year for people under 50. This led to the development of new guidelines that recommend that people with average risk begin colorectal screening at the age of 45. But why is that?

Age

The risk of colon cancer increases as one age. However, the number and severity of cases and deaths has also increased among those who are under 50, as per American Cancer Society data. In reality, those born in 1990 have a doubled risk of colon and rectal cancers, compared to those born in 1950.

Researchers are baffled by this change, considering that colorectal tumor rates in people over 50 have been decreasing for a number of years. This is due to colonoscopies which detect polyps before they grow into cancerous tumors. The doctors have not pinpointed an explanation for the recent increase in cases. However they believe that the increase is due to a number of factors, including a change of gut microbiome as well as an increase in obesity in children.

Colorectal cancer is more likely to develop in those with chronic conditions such as intestinal inflammation that can cause long-term inflammation of the colon lining. Other risk factors include the presence of polyps in the family or a history of colon cancer, excessive alcohol consumption, and eating a diet that is high in fat and low in fiber. Certain racial categories also have higher rates for sporadic colorectal carcinoma, including Black women who are more likely than other women to die of the cancer.

Diet

Like all cancers colon cancer is triggered by DNA mutations which result in cells multiplying and dividing in uncontrolled ways. Medical researchers don't know what causes these DNA changes however they do know a few factors that can influence the risk of colon cancer. Diet, weight as well as alcohol consumption and physical activity are all factors which can impact the risk of colon cancer.

A diet rich in fat and protein can increase the risk of colon carcinoma. This includes red meats as well as processed meats, such as bacon hot dogs, hot dogs, as well as deli meats. These are all containing heme-iron which stimulates cell growth. Polyps may develop into colon cancer.

Alcohol consumption that is excessive increases the risk for colon cancer. Males and Why Are Rates of Colon Cancer Increasing those born male (AMAB) are advised to limit their alcohol consumption to two drinks per day, whereas women and people born female (AFAB) are advised to limit their consumption to one drink per day.

Exercise can also lower the chance of developing colon cancer. Regular exercise lowers blood pressure, increases body weight and increases the levels of healthy bacteria in your digestive tract.

Smoking

Experts are trying to determine the reason for why the number of patients diagnosed in their 20s or 30s with colon cancer continues to increase. Risk factors that are known to be a risk factor, such as an ancestral history of colon cancer and the genetic mutation that causes it are at play, but doctors are suspecting other influences are at play, too.

One possibility is that the rising number of younger cases could be linked to changes in gut microbiome. Obesity, diet and chronic diseases, like Crohn's and ulcerative colitis, could all affect the number of different types of bacteria in the colon. Some bacteria may increase a person's risk of developing cancer.

Antibiotics are another factor. Antibiotics can alter the balance of bacteria in the colon. This could result in an increase in the risk of cancer.

Researchers are working to combat colon cancer by investigating the possible causes. Doctors at UChicago Medicine, for example are developing new techniques that will improve the quality of colonoscopies. This includes improving their ability to detect polyps and other early signs of colon cancer.

Regular screenings, beginning at 50 years of age is the best method for most people to guard themselves from colorectal cancer. those who are at a higher risk must talk to your doctor about getting checked sooner. Some signs to look out for include rectal bleeding and changes in bowel habits and abdominal pain.

Family History

While the majority of cases of colon cancer are sporadic, or not linked to genes, there are a few that are genetically inherited. LaPook states that if have an ancestry of colorectal cancer or pre-cancerous cancers in your family, this can increase your risk. He says that in the majority of families, the increase in cancer risk is due to lifestyle habits and environment, rather than genetics, but in some situations a cluster of people with hereditary colon cancer might be caused by one gene mutation.

If you have a first-degree relation (parent or child) who suffers from rectal or colon cancer Your chances of being diagnosed are 5 to 6 percent greater than people who have not had a prior history. If a close relative was diagnosed at a young age and in a relatively young age, you're at a greater risk.

In addition to the fact that there is a family history of colon cancer, additional risk factors include obesity, drinking too much alcohol and eating lots of red or processed meats like sausage pepperoni, hot dogs, and sausage. Sedentary lifestyles also increase your risk. If you have the family history of colon cancer, it's essential to consult with your doctor and have it screened regularly. It's a good idea also to start screening at a younger age. Early signs of colon cancer may include bleeding from the rectal, and changes in bowel habits.